Effect of Contact Pesticides on Vine Mealybug Parasitoids, Anagyrus sp. near pseudococci (Girault) and Coccidoxenoides perminutus (Timberlake) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)

  • N. Mgocheki Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
  • P. Addison Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21548/30-2-1430

Abstract

Anagyrus species near pseudococci (Girault) and Coccidoxenoides perminutus (Timberlake) (Hymenoptera:
Encyrtidae) are well-known mealybug parasitoids. Both are proven biological control agents of Planococcus ficus
(Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in vineyards. These parasitoids are affected by some pesticides used for the
control of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and P. ficus in vineyards. To establish which of the vineyard pesticides
is more toxic to parasitoids, pesticide bioassays were carried in the laboratory using adult and pupal parasitoids.
Fipronil and α-cypermethrin caused significant acute toxicity of both parasitoids. Low mortality was recorded for
all these pesticides for parasitoids emerging from mummies indicating that the mummy case was an effective barrier
to pesticides for parasitoids. Buprofezin, mancozeb and an insecticidal soap were not toxic to parasitoids in both
bioassays. Some pesticides have far-reaching negative impacts on parasitoids of orchard and vineyard arthropod
pests. A refinement on pest management strategies regarding method and timing of application of pesticides where
parasitoids constitute part of the pest management program is essential.

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Published
2016-12-12
Issue
Vol. 30 No. 2 (2009)
Section
Articles

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