A Foucauldian analysis of the CA profession in South Africa: Implications for society

  • J. Terblanche University of the Western Cape
  • Y. Waghid Stellenbosch University

Abstract

Chartered accountants are often business leaders who frequently need to make decisions. Consequently, it is of importance for the fractured democratic South Africa that citizens (especially business leaders, such as chartered accountants) develop a socially just consciousness. In this article, we provide the results of an analysis of one of Michel Foucault’s genealogical works, and introduce some of Foucault’s views pertaining to knowledge and power. Foucault (1995) identified three disciplinary power mechanisms, namely hierarchical observation, normalising judgement, and the examination. Consequently, we used this particular Foucauldian lens to analyse the disciplinary power mechanisms evident in the CA educational landscape. Lastly, we identified the consequences for education (and therefore ultimately society) as a result of the particular power relations in the chartered accountant educational landscape and profession.

References

Barac, K. 2009. “South African Training Officers’ Perceptions of the Knowledge and Skills Requirements of Entry-level Trainee Accountants.” Meditari Accountancy Research 17 (1): 19–46.

Barac, K. 2013. “A Reflection on Accounting within South Africa’s Higher Education Landscape.” Inaugural address, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 12 November.

Bloland, H. G. 1995. “Postmodernism and Higher Education.” The Journal of Higher Education 66 (5): 521–559.

Boyce, G. 2004. “Critical Accounting Education: Teaching and Learning outside the Circle.” Critical Perspectives on Accounting 15: 565–586.

Cope, P., and J. I’Anson. 2003. “Forms of Exchange: Education, Economics and the Neglect of Social Contingency.” British Journal of Educational Studies 51 (3): 219–232.

De Villiers, C., and E. R. Venter. 2010. “The Influence of the Accounting Profession on the Academy: A Cautionary Case Study.” South African Journal of Accounting Research 27 (1): 87–124.

Foucault, M. 1980a. “Afterword.” In Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972–1977, edited by C. Gordon, 229–260. New York: Pantheon Books.

Foucault, M. 1980b. “Prison Talk.” In Power/knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972–197, edited by C. Gordon, 37–54. New York: Pantheon Books.

Foucault, M. 1984. “Truth and Power.” In The Foucault Reader, edited by P. Rabinow, 51–75. New York: Pantheon Books.

Foucault, M. 1995. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. New York: Vintage Books.

Gardiner, M. 2017. “Coercion or Cohesion? Educators in a Democracy.” In Living Together, Living Apart? Social Cohesion in a Future South Africa, edited by C. Ballentine, M. Chapman, K. Erwin, and G. Maré, 145–152. Pietermaritzburg: University of KwaZulu-Natal Press.

Gray, R., and D. Collison. 2002. “Can’t See the Wood for the Trees, Can’t See the Trees for the Numbers? Accounting Education, Sustainability and the Public Interest.” Critical Perspectives on Accounting 13: 797–836.

Hamilton, S. E. 2007. “Accounting for Identity: Becoming a Chartered Accountant.” PhD diss., University of Stirling.

Jansen, J. D. 2009. Knowledge in the Blood: Confronting Race and the Apartheid Past. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Keevy, M., and D. J. Mare. 2018. “Pervasive Skills Development for Aspirant Chartered Accountants: Academic Versus Training Programmes.” Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 11(1): 1–9.

Lubbe, I. 2013. “Educating Accounting Professionals: Development of a Theoretical Framework as a Language of Description of Accounting Knowledge Production and its Implications for Accounting Academics at South African Universities.” South African Journal of Accounting Research 27 (1): 87–124.

McPhail, K. 2001. “The Dialectic of Accounting Education: From Role Identity to Ego Identity.” Critical Perspectives on Accounting 12: 471–499.

Mills, S. 2003. Michel Foucault. London: Routledge Taylor & Francis.

Rudman, R. J., and J. Terblanche. 2012. “The Perceived Advantage of Work Experience as a Learning Tool for Auditing Students.” Southern African Journal of Accountability and Auditing Research 13 (1): 57–71.

SAQA (South African Qualifications Authority). 2017. “Professional Designation: CA(SA) – Chartered Accountant (South Africa).” Accessed April 7, 2019. http://pbdesig.saqa.org.za/viewProfessionalDesignation.php?id=8

Segall, A. 2013. “Revitalizing Critical Discourses in Social Education: Opportunities for a More Complexified (Un)knowing.” Theory & Research in Social Education 41: 476–493.

Sheridan, C. 2016. “Foucault, Power and the Modern Panopticon.” Senior thesis, Trinity College.

Sikka, P., C. Haslam, O. Kyriacou, and D. Agrizzi. 2007. “Professionalizing Claims and the State of UK Professional Accounting Education: Some Evidence.” Accounting Education 16 (1): 3–21.

Smart, B. 1985. Michel Foucault. London: Travistock.

Stehr, N., and M. T. Adolf. 2018. “Knowledge/Power/Resistance.” Society 55 (2): 193–198.

Strauss-Keevy, M. 2014. “Education Programmes’ Responsibilities regarding Pervasive Skills.” Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 7 (2): 415–432.

Terblanche, J. 2019. “Cultivating Socially Just Responsible Citizens in Relation to University Accounting Education in South Africa.” PhD diss., Stellenbosch University.

TerraNova. 2015. Change is inevitable. Progress is intentional. SAICA JSE research 2015.

Thomson, I., and J. Bebbington. 2004. “It Doesn’t Matter What You Teach?” Critical Perspectives on Accounting 15: 609–628.

Van Romburgh, H. 2014. “Accounting Education: Investigating the Gap between School, University and Practice.” MA diss., North-West University.

Venter, E. R., and C. de Villiers. 2013. “The Accounting Profession’s Influence on Academe: South African Evidence.” Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 26 (8): 1246–1278.

Verhoef, G., and G. Samkin. 2017. “The Accounting Profession and Education: The Development of Disengaged Scholarly Activity in Accounting in South Africa.” Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 30 (6): 1370–1398.

Waghid, Y., and N. Davids. 2017. Education, Assessment, and the Desire for Dissonance. New York: Peter Lang.

Zembylas, M. 2003. “Interrogating ‘Teacher Identity’: Emotion, Resistance, and Self-formation.” Educational Theory 53 (1): 107–127.

Published
2020-04-02
How to Cite
Terblanche, J., and Y. Waghid. 2020. “A Foucauldian Analysis of the CA Profession in South Africa: Implications for Society”. South African Journal of Higher Education 34 (1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.20853/34-1-3893.
Section
Leading Article