On relevance, decolonisation and community engagement: The role of university intellectuals

Keywords: decolonisation, intellectualism, Pan-Africanism, transformation

Abstract

This article examines the role of intellectuals in building and sustaining engaged African universities. These intellectuals have enormous roles in conjuring and nourishing the vision of enhanced, working institutions. As guardians of nationalism and progress, they cannot and should not eschew aspects such as the politics of identity, social consciousness as well as other pertinent philosophies. It would, for example, be inconceivable to contemplate the African institutions’ transformation without reflecting on concepts such as decolonisation and Pan‑Africanism, and these are scrutinised in the ensuing discussion. The article also explores the dynamic, painstaking roles that intellectuals have to engage in. The topic on relevance and community engagement will always be important as debates on decolonisation continue. Intellectuals inside and outside the academe will always be useful in transforming society and its institutions. Yet, the work of intellectuals and their influence are buoyed by the characteristics that intellectuals possess. Whether one is a denialist, loyalist, knower or planetary intellectual will inform society of their role in mobilising communities and universities for transformation. Furthermore, the article examines the role of all intellectuals rather than those based at higher education institutions only. Oftentimes when society speaks of intellectuals, it is not the subaltern that they refer to – people outside the university who have been dominated by the hegemony displayed in higher education institutions regarding knowledge ownership. Antonio Gramsci postulates that this hegemony encompasses cultural, moral and ideological leadership over the subaltern. The findings in this debate demonstrate that it will be conscientious and selfless intellectuals who will fortify intellectual engagement for transformation of higher education institutions. The conclusions demonstrate that intellectuals have a judicious responsibility in safeguarding stability and meaningful transformation 

References

Adem, S., W. Mutunga, and A. M. Mazrui. 2013. Black Orientalism and Pan African Thought; Debating the African Condition. Trenton: Africa World Press.

Barney, J. 1991. “Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage.” Journal of Management 17(1): 99‒120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108.

Beeson, M. 2020. “The Dangers of Denialism.” The Strategist. https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/the-dangers-of-denialism/. (Accessed 10 October 2021).

Bell, D. A. 2008. “Class Consciousness, and the Fall of the Bourgeois Revolution.” Critical Review 16: 323–351.

Biermann, F. and A. Kalfagianni. 2020. “Planetary Justice: A Research Framework.” Earth System Governance 6: 1‒11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esg.2020.100049.

Botwe-Asamoah, K. 2005. Kwame Nkrumah’s Politico-Cultural Thought and Policies: An African-Centred Paradigm for the Second Phase of the African Revolution. New York: Routledge.

Biko, S. 1987. I Write What I Like. London: Heinemann.

Brahimi, M. A., A. M. Hernando, M. Morgan, and A. Perez. 2020. “Strategies of Public Intellectual Engagement.” The Sociological Review 68(5): 982‒998. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038026120931422.

Chankseliani, M., I. Qoraboyev, and D. Gimranova. 2021. “Higher Education Contributing to Local, National, and Global Development: New Empirical and Conceptual Insights.” Higher Education 81: 109–127. https://doi.org.10.1007/s10734-020-00565-8.

Chinweizu. 1987. Decolonising the African mind. Lagos: Pero Press.

Euron, P. 2019. “Antonio Gramsci: The Role of Intellectuals in Culture.” In Aesthetics, Theory and Interpretation of Literary Work, ed. P. Euron, 143‒146. Boston: Brill Sense.

Eze, M. O. 2013. “Pan Africanism: A Brief Intellectual History.” History Compass 11, no. 9: 663‒674. https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12074.

Furedi, Frank. 2004. Where have all the Intellectuals Gone? New York: Continuum.

Gramsci, A. 1971. Selections from the Prison Notebooks. London: Lawrence & Wishart.

Gramsci, A. 1978. Selections from the political Writings. London: Lawrence and Wishart.

Gramsci, A. 1985. Selections from Cultural Writings. London: Lawrence & Wishart Ltd.

Hambling, D. 2009. “Microwave Weapon Will Rain Pain from the Sky.” New Scientist. http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20327185.600-microwave-weapon-will-rain-pain-from-the-sky.html. (Accessed 23 July 2022).

Hinken, B. 2018. “Moving from Knower to Learner.” The Systems Thinker. thesystemsthinker.com/moving-from-knower-to-learner. (Accessed 20 October 2021).

Kaunda, K. 1966. A Humanist in Africa. London: Longmans Green.

Landsiedel, C. L. 2004. “Who is an Intellectual and What should be the Role of Intellectuals be in Society?” Seminar Paper 2004. Grin.com/document/29639. (Accessed 12 October 2021).

Leo, J. R. 2006. “Public Intellectual, Inc.” Symploke 14, no. 2: 183‒196. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40550720#metadata_info_tab_contents. (Accessed 11 November 2021).

Marks, J. 2017. “We don’t need no stinking thought leaders.” https://www.insidehighered.com/views/2017/07/11/why-academics-should-strive-be-public-intellectuals-not-thought-leaders-essay. (Accessed 16 October 2021).

Mazrui, A. A. 1975. “Eclecticism as an ideological alternative: An African perspective.” Alternatives 1: 465‒486.

Mazui, A. A. 2004. Power, Politics and the African Condition. New Jersey: Africa World Press.

Mazrui, A. A. 2005. “Pan-Africanism and the Intellectuals: Rise, Decline and Revival.” In African Intellectuals: Rethinking Politics, Language, Gender and Development, ed. Thandika Mkandawire, 56‒77. London: Zed Books.

Mintsa, J. 2007. What is Wrong with Black People? Morrisville: Lulu Press.

Molnar, T. 1994. The Decline of the Intellectual. London & New York: Routledge.

Mphahlele, E. 1974. African Image. New York: Praeger.

Msila, V. 2021. “Entrenching the Soul of a University in Africa: A Search for a Liberating African Institution.” International Journal of Diversity in Organisations, Communities & Nations 22(1): 1‒15. doi:10.18848/2327-0020/CGP/v22i01/1-15.

Msila, V. 2022. “Bringing Africa into New Epistemologies: Rethinking the University in Africa.” Journal of Educational Research and Reviews 10(3): 29‒37. https://doi.org/10.33495/jerrv10i3.22.106.

Mwesigire, B. 2014. “5 Strategies for de-Westernising Globalisation, by Ali Mazrui.” https://thisisafrica.m”e/politics-and-society/5-strategies-de-westernising-globalisation-ali-mazrui/. (Accessed 18 November 2021).

Nagy-Zekmi, S. and K. Hollis. 2012. “Introduction: The Location of Public intellectual Discourse.” In Global Academe: Engaging Intellectual Discourse, ed. Silvia Nagy-Zekmi and Karyn Holli, 1‒14. New York: Palgrave.

Ncube, P. D. 1979. “Preface.” In Education for Barbarism” ed. Isaac B. Tabata, 3‒6. London: Unity Movement of South Africa.

Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S. J. 2017. “The Emergence and Trajectories of Struggles for an African University: The Case of Unfinished Business of African Epistemic Decolonisation.” Kronos 43(1): 51‒77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-9585/2017/v43a4.

Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S. J. 2018. Epistemic Freedom in Africa: Deprovincialisation and Decolonisation. London & New York: Routledge.

Nkrumah, K. 1966. Consciencism. London: Heinemann.

Nwankwo, A. A. 1995. The African Possibility in Global Power Struggle. Enugu: Fourth Dimension Publishing.

Nyerere, J. 1967. Freedom and Unity: A Selection from Writings and Speeches 1952‒1965. London: Oxford University Press.

Nyerere, J. 1970. Freedom and Unity/Uhuru Na Moja. A Selection from Writings and Speeches 1952‒65. Dar es Salaam: Oxford University Press.

Olukoshi, A. and P. T. Zeleza. 2004. “Introduction: The Struggle for African Universities and Knowledges.” In African Universities in the Twenty-first Century, ed. Paul. T. Zeleza and Adebayo Olukoshi, 1‒20. Pretoria: Unisa Press.

Pillay, S. 2021. “The Problem of Colonialism: Assimilation, Difference, and Decolonial Theory in Africa.” Critical Times 4(3): 389‒416.

Robertson, J. 2012. “In the Marketplace of Illusion: The Public Intellectual in a Landscape of Mediated Humanities.” In Global Academe: Engaging Intellectual Discourse, ed. Silvia Nagy-Zekmi and Karyn Holli, 15‒38. New York: Palgrave.

Roux, E. 1972. Time Longer than Rope. Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin.

SAHO. n.d. “David Joseph Webster.” https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/david-joseph-webster. (Accessed 18 September 2021).

Said, E. W. 1996. Representations of The Intellectual: The 1993 Reith Lectures. New York: Vintage Books.

Sobukwe, R. M. 1959. “Robert Sobukwe Inaugural Speech, April 1959.” https://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/robert-sobukwe-inaugural-speech-april-1959. (Accessed 15 September 2021).

Sowell, T. 2012. “Intellectuals and Society.” National Review. https://www.nationalreview.com/2010/01/intellectuals-and-society-thomas-sowell/. (Accessed 14 September 2021).

Stocchetti, M. 2012. “The Enemy Within? Intellectuals, Violence, and the ‘Postmodern Condition’.” In Global Academe: Engaging Intellectual Discourse, ed. Silvia Nagy-Zekmi and K. Holli, 99‒120. New York: Palgrave.

Tabata, Isaac, B. 1979. Education for Barbarism. London: Unity Movement of South Africa.

Wa Thiong’o, N. 1986. Decolonising the Mind: The Politics of Language in African Culture. London: J. Currey.

Wa Thiong’o, N. 2004. Globalectics: Theory and Politics of Knowing. New York: Columbia University Press.

Published
2023-03-31
How to Cite
Msila, V. 2023. “On Relevance, Decolonisation and Community Engagement: The Role of University Intellectuals”. South African Journal of Higher Education 37 (1), 20-37. https://doi.org/10.20853/37-1-5666.