Incorporating and embracing WIL component into career-based qualifications in traditional university education

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20853/40-2-6735

Keywords:

work-integrated learning, career-based qualifications, graduates, employability, skills

Abstract

The world of work continues to evolve, and there is growing recognition of the need for universities to adapt their education to the demands of the modern workplace. One promising approach is integrating Work-Integrated Learning (WIL) into career-based qualifications within traditional university education. This approach allows students to combine academic studies with practical work experience, enabling them to develop industry-relevant skills and knowledge while earning credits towards their degree. The qualitative study used thematic analysis. This article reviews the benefits and challenges of embracing WIL, including enhanced employability, improved student engagement, and increased graduate outcomes. The article also examines the challenges of implementing WIL, including ensuring quality assurance, managing logistics, and addressing equity and access concerns. Furthermore, the article explores future directions for WIL, including the potential for technology-enhanced WIL platforms, industry-academe partnerships, and the role of WIL in promoting lifelong learning and career development. By embracing WIL, universities can then better prepare students for success in a rapidly changing job market and contribute to the development of a skilled and adaptable workforce.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

M. Mokabe, University of Venda

Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management

References

Abuelmaatti, A., & Vinokur, L. (2025). Enhancing Graduate Employability through Interdisciplinary, Work-Based Learning. Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education.

Alam, M.J., K. Ogawa, and S. R. B. Islam. 2022. “Importance of skills development for ensuring graduates employability: The case of Bangladesh”. Social Sciences, 11(8), p.360.

Barends, Z. and C. Nel. 2017. “Work-integrated learning within the reading literacy component of foundation phase teacher preparation programmes”. South African Journal of Childhood Education, 7(1), pp.1‒13.

Billett, S. 2011.” Curriculum and pedagogic bases for effectively teaching vocational education”. Journal of Vocational Education & Training. 60, 72.

Billett, S. 2024. “Constituting integration in work-integrated education and learning”. Studies in Continuing Education, pp.1‒18.

Chan, L.P. 2022. Professional experience, practice-led teaching, and employability for IT degree programmes (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nottingham).

Chan, C. K. Y and L. Y. Y. Luk. 2021. “Students’ learning outcomes from engineering internship: A provisional framework”. Studies in Continuing Education. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/0158037X.2021.1917536

Creswell, J. W. and C. N. Poth. 2017. Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. SAGE Publications.

Czerniewicz, L., N. Agherdien, J. Badenhorst, D. Belluigi, T. Chambers, M. Chili, M. De Villiers, A. Felix, D. Gachago, C. Gokhale, and E. Ivala. 2020. “A wake-up call: Equity, inequality and Covid-19 emergency remote teaching and learning”. Postdigital science and education, 2(3), pp.946‒967”

De Villiers Scheepers, M.J., J. McIntyre, G. Crimmins, and P. English. 2019. Connectedness capabilities of non-traditional students: pedagogical implications1”. In Higher Education and the Future of Graduate Employability (pp. 50‒69). Edward Elgar Publishing.

Eady, M.J., D. Drewery, M. Burney, W. Li, and K. Livingstone. 2024. “Students' reflections of quality (RoQ) in work-integrated learning (WIL): a systematic review and framework”. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning. 15 (1),pp.222–239

Fleming, J. and N. J. Haigh. 2017. “Examining and challenging the intentions of work-integrated learning”. Higher Education, Skill and Work-Based Learning, 7(2), 198–210. https://doi.org/10.1108/HESWBL-01-2017-0003.

Fleming, J. and K. Hay. 2021. “Understanding the Risks in Work-Integrated Learning”. International Journal of Work-Integrated Learning, 22(2), pp.167‒181.

Fusch Ph D, P.I. and Ness, L.R., 2015. Are we there yet? Data saturation in qualitative research.

Gale, J., M. Alemdar, J. Lingle, and S. Newton. 2020.” Exploring critical components of an integrated STEM curriculum: an application of the innovation implementation framework”. International Journal of STEM Education, 7, pp.1‒17.

Gamage, A. (2022). An inclusive multifaceted approach for the development of electronic work-integrated learning (eWIL) curriculum. Studies in Higher Education, 47(7), 1357-1371.

Gonzalez, J.A. and J. Simpson. 2021. “The workplace integration of veterans: Applying diversity and fit perspectives”. Human Resource Management Review, 31(2), p.100775.

Gordon, E., R. McElvaney, S. Dunne, and T. Walton. 2021. “‘It’sa hell of a journey’: Student, graduate, and trainer views on the integrative process in psychotherapy training”. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 31(4), p.420.

Jackson, D. 2015. “Employability skill development in work-integrated learning: Barriers and best practice”. Studies in higher education, 40(2), pp.350‒367.

Jackson, D. and B. A. Dean. 2023. “The contribution of different types of work-integrated learning to graduate employability”. Higher Education Research & Development, 42(1), pp.93‒110.

Jackson, D., H. Shan, and S. Meek. 2022. “Enhancing graduates’ enterprise capabilities through work-integrated learning in co-working spaces”. Higher Education, 84(1), pp.101‒120.

Kestel, J.A. 2023. A multi-method perspective on developing professional accounting graduates in a social constructivist learning context through self-authorship and career self-management (Doctoral dissertation, Murdoch University).

Kolb, D.A. 1984. Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. Prentice-Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs, NJ

Krause-Wichmann, T., M. Greisel, C. Wekerle, I. Kollar, and R. Stark. 2023.” Promoting future teachers’ evidence-informed reasoning scripts: Effects of different forms of instruction after problem-solving”. Frontiers in Education (Vol. 8, p. 1001523). Frontiers Media SA.

Iglesias-Sanchez, P.P., C. Jambrino-Maldonado, and C. de las Heras-Pedrosa. 2019. “Training entrepreneurial competences with open innovation paradigm in higher education”. Sustainability, 11(17), p.4689.

Lave, J. and E. Wenger. 1991. Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. Doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511815355.

Lasen, M., S. Evans, K. Tsey, C. Campbell, and I. Kinchin. 2018. “Quality of WIL assessment design in higher education: a systematic literature review”. Higher Education Research & Development, 37(4), pp.788‒804.

Lembani, R., A. Gunter, M. Breines, and M. T. B. Dalu. 2020. “The same course, different access: the digital divide between urban and rural distance education students in South Africa.” Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 44(1), pp.70‒84.

Luk, L.Y.Y. and C. K. Chan. 2024. “Assessing student learning in work-integrated learning (WIL): A systematic review on assessment methods and purposes”. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 81, p.101345.

Macnaught, L., Bassett, M., van der Ham, V., Milne, J., & Jenkin, C. (2024). Sustainable embedded academic literacy development: The gradual handover of literacy teaching. Teaching in Higher Education, 29(4), 1004–1022.

Matiki, T. 2014. “The University of Technology Versus the Traditional Universities. Is the Gap Being Closed?” Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5.

Namutuwa, M. T. (2020). The impact of work integrated learning on the employability of undergraduates using psychological career resources at a higher education institution in Namibia (Doctoral dissertation, Cape Peninsula University of Technology).

Oliver, K. 2022. “Employers’ perspectives on co-op student work tasks that support their employability competencies.” [Masters - dissertation]. University of Manitoba, Winnipeg.

Osborne, Natalie, and Deanna Grant-Smith. "In-depth interviewing." Methods in urban analysis, pp. 105‒125. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021.

Scaraboto, D., S. O. D. Almeida. and J. P. dos Santos Fleck. 2020. “’No piracy talk’”: how online brand communities work to denormalize controversial gaming practices”. Internet Research, 30(4), pp.1103‒1122.

Smith, R. A., M. G. Brown, J. J. Schiltz, S. Sowl, J. M. Schulz, and Grady, K.A. 2023.” The Value of Interpersonal Network Continuity for College Students in Disruptive”. Times. Innovative Higher Education, 48(4), pp.719‒738.

Ramnund-Mansingh, A. and N. Reddy. 2021. “South African specific complexities in aligning graduate attributes to employability.” Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability, 12(2), pp.206‒221.

Rowe, A. D. and K. E. Zegwaard. 2017. “Developing graduate employability skills and attributes: Curriculum enhancement through work-integrated learning”. Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education, Special Issue, 18(2), pp. 87–99.

Turin, T. C., N. Chowdhury, M. Ekpekurede, D. Lake, M. Lasker, M. O'Brien, and S. Goopy. 2021. Alternative career pathways for international medical graduates towards job market integration: a literature review. International Journal of Medical Education, 12, p.45.

Van der Bijl, A. and V. Taylor. 2020. “Developing a WIL curriculum for post-school lecturer qualifications”. Journal of Vocational, Adult and Continuing Education and Training, 3(1), pp.22‒42.

Van Wyk, B. and S. N. Basson. 2014. “To WIL or not to WIL”. In Edulearn14 proceedings (pp. 5246-5249). IATED.

Vygotsky, L. S. 1978. Mind in Society. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Walton, E. and P. Engelbrecht. 2024. “Inclusive education in South Africa: Path dependencies and emergences”. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(10), pp.2138‒2156.

Yin, R. K. 2018. Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods. SAGE Publications.15‒29.

Downloads

Published

2026-04-25

How to Cite

Mokabe, M. 2026. “Incorporating and Embracing WIL Component into Career-Based Qualifications in Traditional University Education”. South African Journal of Higher Education 40 (2):193-207. https://doi.org/10.20853/40-2-6735.

Issue

Section

General Articles