Perceived wellness of health sciences students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20853/40-2-6734Keywords:
Perceived Wellness; Student wellness; student well-being; Health Sciences; Health Professions EducationAbstract
In South Africa, the wellness of university students, particularly in health sciences, is influenced by unique socioeconomic, cultural and systemic factors. Although the importance of wellness within higher education has been well documented there seems to still be a dilemma in terms of student wellness during their time at university, especially post-COVID. This study aimed to understand the current wellness landscape by comparing the perceived wellness scores of students from three departments situated within a health sciences faculty of a South African university. To achieve this quantitative comparative methodology was followed. Health sciences students (clinical and non-clinical) completed the self-administered Perceived Wellness Survey (PWS; n=158). This study highlights the disparities in emotional wellness and its implications for holistic development and professional readiness. Overall, female students showed the biggest decline in their PWS and emotional wellness scored the lowest across all factors. Higher Educational Institutions needs to navigate a new wellness landscape post- COVID. Special attention should be given to female and final-year students. As Higher Educational Institutions are implementing wellness initiatives, they need to address the misalignment of emotional wellness seen in this study by adding interventions for each wellness factor, especially emotional wellness.
Downloads
References
Adams, T., J. Bezner, and M. Steinhardt. 1997. “The Conceptualization and Measurement of Perceived Wellness: Integrating Balance across and within Dimensions”. American Journal of Health Promotion, 11(3), 208–218. https://doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-11.3.208.
Boni, R. A. dos S., C. E. Paiva, M. A. de Oliveira, G. Lucchetti, J. H. T. G. Fregnani, and B. S. R. Paiva. 2018. “Burnout among medical students during the first years of undergraduate school: Prevalence and associated factors”. PLoS One, 13(3), e0191746. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191746
Bhattacharya, S., K. Pradhan, M. Bashar, S. Tripathi, A. Thiyagarajan, A. Srivastava, and A. Singh. 2020. “Salutogenesis: A bona fide guide towards health preservation”. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 9(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_260_19
Brooker, A., and L. Woodyatt. 2019. “2019 Special Issue: Psychological Wellbeing and Distress in Higher Education”. Student Success, 10(3), i–vi. https://doi.org/10.5204/ssj.v10i3.1419
Budzynski-Seymour, E., R. Conway, M. Wade, A. Lucas, M. Jones, S. Mann, and J. Steele. 2020. “Physical Activity, Mental and Personal Well-Being, Social Isolation, and Perceptions of Academic Attainment and Employability in University Students: The Scottish and British Active Students Surveys”. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 17(6), 610–620. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2019-0431
Cabras, C., and M. Mondo. 2017. “Coping strategies, optimism, and life satisfaction among first-year university students in Italy: gender and age differences”. Higher Education, 75(4), 643–654. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-017-0161-x
Courtwright, S. E., M. B. Flynn Makic, and J. Jones. 2019. “Emotional wellbeing in youth: A concept analysis”. Nursing Forum, 55(2), 106–117. https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12404
Duffy, M. 2021. “Student Wellness and Academic Libraries: Case Studies and Activities for Promoting Health and Success”. Sara Holder and Amber Lannon, eds. Chicago, IL: Association of College and Research Libraries, 2020. 292p. Paper, $86.00 (ISBN 978-0838948644). College & Research Libraries, 82(5), 776. https://doi.org/10.5860/crl.82.5.776
Elias, M. E., A. H. S. Bakar, N. Mahidin, J. F. Kim, and A. S. Z. Bakar. 2020. “The relationship of undergraduate students' lifestyle and the impact to students' health”. Journal of critical reviews, 7(8), 1729‒1733.
Henrico, K. 2022. “Sustaining student wellness in higher educational institutions: Possible design principles and implementations strategies”. The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/td.v18i1.1114
Ikatova, I. I., I. V. Barynkina, and L. V. Amelina. 2021. “Ensuring students’ wellness: resources and demands in higher education”. E3S Web of Conferences, 284, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128409012
Iqbal, M. Z., S. U. D. Khan, and M. Shahid Iqbal. 2020. “Predictors of Perception of Mental Health Challenges among Healthcare Students in a Medical University”. Journal of Young Pharmacists, 12(4), 379–382. https://doi.org/10.5530/jyp.2020.12.96
Karaman, M. A., E. Lerma, J. C. Vela, and J. C. Watson. 2019. “Predictors of Academic Stress Among College Students”. Journal of College Counseling, 22(1), 41–55. https://doi.org/10.1002/jocc.12113
Kaur, H., and T. Singh. 2022. “Emotion, Well-Being, and Resilience-Theoretical Perspectives and Practical Applications”. Psychological Studies, 67(1), 123–126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12646-022-00646-x
Main, K. 2020. Social and emotional wellbeing. Teaching Primary Years, 83–97. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003117797-5
Maziya, T. F., and R. Mafumbate. 2019. “Enhancing A Holistic Wellness Among Female Students at a University in Eswatini Through Relevant Intervention Strategies for Support”. Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 9(18), 86–95. https://doi.org/10.7176/rhss/9-18-11
McKerrow, I., P. A. Carney, H. Caretta-Weyer, M. Furnari, and A. Miller Juve. 2020. “Trends in medical students’ stress, physical, and emotional health throughout training”. Medical Education Online, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/10872981.2019.1709278
Morris-Paxton, A. A., J. M. Van Lingen, and D. Elkonin. 2016. “Wellness and academic outcomes among disadvantaged students in South Africa: An exploratory study”. Health Education Journal, 76(1), 66–76. https://doi.org/10.1177/0017896916650707
Mountfort, S., and J. Wilson. 2018. “EMS Provider Health and Wellness”. StatPearls, 1–7.
Phan, H., A. R. Mills, and J. Fleming. 2021. “Perceived wellness among pharmacy residents during COVID-19”. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 61(6), e52–e59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2021.07.014
Pipas, C. F., J. A. Damianos, L. Montalbano, A. L. Matous, J. Hua, and G. H. Shoop. 2020. “A Curriculum to Promote a Culture of Wellness Among Medical Students and Faculty”. PRiMER, 4. https://doi.org/10.22454/primer.2020.930805
Sabir, R. I., M. B. Majid, and K. Masood. 2022. “Impact of Student Wellness on Academic Performance with Mediating Role of Learning Environment”. Academic Journal of Social Sciences (AJSS), 5(4), 419–435. https://doi.org/10.54692/ajss.2021.05041666
Robbins, J. E., C. T. Stanley, A. Spence, and B. McLamb. 2021. “Wellness, Life Satisfaction, and Stress Among University Students and Faculty: Campus-Based Results and Program Recommendations”. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 92(1), 42–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2020.1838363
Salana, K., S. Maty, and R. Hage. 2020. “Alive and Well: Encouraging Long Term Health Habits Through Implementation of Student Driven Wellness Programs in Medical Schools”. Global Advances in Health and Medicine, 9, 1‒6. https://doi.org/10.1177/2164956120973622
Scott, H., and M. K. T. Takarangi. 2019. “Measuring PhD Student’s Psychological Well-being: Are we seeing the whole picture?” Student Success, 10(3), 14–24. https://doi.org/10.5204/ssj.v10i3.1294
Spurr, S., K. Walker, V. Squires, and N. Redl. 2021. “Examining nursing students’ wellness and resilience: An exploratory study”. Nurse Education in Practice, 51, 102978. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2021.102978
Mueller, T., and G. Perreault. 2019. “The psychology of student wellness: Relationships, detractors and exam anxiety”. American Association of University Administrators, 34(1), 1‒11.
Tshering, K. 2022. “Emotional Wellbeing and The Healthcare Workforce: A Review”. Journal of Mental Health & Clinical Psychology, 6(2), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.29245/2578-2959/2022/2.1206
Ware, J. E., and C. D. Sherbourne. 1992. “The MOS 36-ltem Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36)”. Medical Care, 30(6), 473–483. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-199206000-00002
Zaidi, U. 2020. “Health and Rehabilitation Science specialities, physical activity and dimensions of wellness among the students of PNU”. Heliyon, 6(1), e03204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03204
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Karien Henrico, Jan Jordaan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
This journal is an open access journal, and the authors and journal should be properly acknowledged, when works are cited.
Authors, copyright holders, may use the publishers version for teaching purposes, in books, theses, dissertations, conferences and conference papers.
A copy of the authors' publishers version may also be hosted on the following websites:
- Non-commercial personal homepage or blog.
- Institutional webpage.
- Authors Institutional Repository.
The following notice should accompany such a posting on the website: This is an electronic version of an article published in SAJHE, Volume XXX, number XXX, pages XXX “XXX", DOI. Authors should also supply a hyperlink to the original paper or indicate where the original paper (http://www.journals.ac.za/index.php/SAJHE) may be found.
Authors publishers version, affiliated with the Stellenbosch University will be automatically deposited in the University Institutional Repository SUNScholar.
Articles as a whole, may not be re-published with another journal.
The following license applies:
Attribution CC BY-NC-ND 4.0