Improving biostatistical support in a resource-constrained academic health sciences institution through 360-degree feedback
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20853/40-1-6534Keywords:
optimizing biostatistical services, one-on-one consultations, academic health sciences institution, biostatistical training, resource-constrained environmentAbstract
A comprehensive biostatistical support service was established in a resource-constrained health sciences institution in sub-Saharan Africa in order to enhance its research.
A 360-degree feedback survey was used to evaluate the perceptions of consultees and consultants on one-on-one biostatistics consultations in this constrained setting.
Self-administered, online surveys with closed and open-ended questions were distributed to health sciences students and academic staff. A separate questionnaire was compiled for the biostatistics consultants. Responses were received from 361 consultees and 23 consultants following one-on-one biostatistical consultations. Consultations had positively assisted with understanding the direction of the research (64.3%). Both consultees and consultants concurred on the views expressed of the expectations, perspectives and weaknesses of the consultations. The level of statistical knowledge and technical skills of the biostatisticians was commended. Consultants mentioned difficulties in understanding the medical terminology of the consultees and the problem of explaining complex statistical concepts to the consultees. Recommendations from this 360-degree survey emphasizes the need to capacitate junior consultants in consultancy skills and in a basic biomedical subject, as expansion of biostatistics support in resource-constrained environments around the globe is not always possible.
Downloads
References
Agarwal, G.G. 2020. “Statistical consulting and its challenges. Review article”. IJCMCR, 1(1) open access https:doi:10.46998/IJCMCR 2020.01.000015
Bangdiwala, S.I., M. L. Amarillo, S. Ughade, et al. 2002. “Teaching consultancy through direct experience in research: The Approach of the department of Biostatistics at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill”. ICOT, 6 (9),1689–1699.
Ciolino, J.D., C. Spino, W. T. Ambrosius, et al. 2021. “Guidance for biostatisticians on their essential contributions to clinical and translational research protocol review”. J Clin Transl Sci, 5, e161, 1‒13. https:doi.10.1017/cts.2021.814
Chirwa, T., B. Kramer, and E. Libhaber. 2015. “Developing a biostatistical support system in a resource-restricted academic institution in Africa: making it happen”. BMC Medical Education, 15, 209. https:doi.:10.1186/s 12909-015-0493-0
Chirwa T. F, Z. Matsena Zingoni, P. Munyewende , et al. 2020. “Developing excellence in biostatistics leadership, training and science in Africa: How the Sub-Saharan Africa Consortium for Advanced Biostatistics (SSACAB) training unites expertise to deliver excellence”. AAS Open Res. 3:51. doi: 10.12688/aasopenres.13144.2. PMID: 33501413; PMCID: PMC7802118.
Confraria, H., and L. Wang. 2020. “Medical research versus disease burden in Africa”. Research Policy, 49(3), 103916. doi.org/10.106/jrespol.2019.103916. [cited 26 Jan 2021]
Deutsch, R., S. Hurwitz, J. Janosky, et al . 2007. “The role of education in The role education in biostatistical consulting”. Stat Med, 26 (4), 709‒720. Doi:10.1002/sim.2571
Earnest, A. 2016. “Essentials of a successful biostatistical collaboration. Views from the ground”. Taylor and Francis Group. New York: Chapman and Hall/CRC; chapter 11.
Esterhuizen, T.M., G. Li, T. Young, et al. 2021. “Advancing collaborations in health research and clinical trials in Sub-Saharan Africa: development and implementation of a biostatistical collaboration module in the Masters in Biostatistics Program at Stellenbosch University”. BMC Research, Open Access, 22‒478. doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05427-x
Fonn, S., L. P. Ayiro, L. Cotton, et al.. 2018. “Repositioning Africa in global knowledge production”. Lancet, 392, 1163‒1166. doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31068-7
Gezmu M, V. DeGruttola, D. Dixon, et al. 2011.. Strengthening biostatistics resources in sub-Saharan Africa: research collaborations through U.S. partnerships. Stat Med. 2011 Mar 30;30(7):695-708. doi: 10.1002/sim.4144. Epub 2011 Jan 12. PMID: 21394746; PMCID: PMC4562470.
Gibbons, J.D., and R. J. Freund. 1980. “Organizations for Statistical Consulting at Colleges and Universities”. Am Stat, 34(3), 140‒145. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2683870
Glickman, M., R. Ittenbach, T. G. Nick, et al. 2010. “ Statistical consulting with limited resources: Applications to practice”. CHANCE, 23 (4), 35‒42. doi.org/10.1080/09332480.2010.10739834
Goshu, A.T. 2016. “Strengthening statistics graduate programs with statistical collaboration- The case of Hawassa University, Ethiopia”. International Journal of Higher Education, 5(3), 217‒221. doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v5 n3 p217
Harris, P.A., R. Taylor, B. L. Minor, et al.. 2019. “The REDCap consortium: Building an international community of software platform partners”. J Biomed Informats, 95,103208. doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103208. [Cited January 2021]
Johnson, H.D., and D. A. Warner. 2004. “Factors relating to the degree to which statistical consulting clients deem their consulting experiences to be a success”. Am Stat Assoc, 58, 280‒289. doi.org/10.1198/000313004x5806
Kirby, T. 2014. “Profile: NIHs Fogarty International Centre”. Lancet. 384 (9938), 0140-6736(18)31068-7121.10.1016./S0140-6736 (14)61149-1
Kirk, R.E. 1991. “Statistical consulting in a University: Dealing with people and other challenges”. Am Stat, 45, 28.
Kramer, B., and E. Libhaber. 2018. “Closing the barrier between disease and health outcomes in Africa through research and capacity development”. Global Health Action, 11, 1425597. doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2018.
Kramer, B. and R. Zent. 2019. “Diaspora linkages benefit both sides: a single partnership experience”. Global Health Action. 12, 1. doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2019.1645558
LeBlanc, M., C. S. Rueegg, N. Bekiroglu, et al. 2022. ”Statistical advising: Professional development opportunities for the biostatistician”. Stat Med, 41, 847‒859. doi: 10.1002/sim.9290
Libhaber, E., T. Chirwa, and B. Kramer. 2019. “A biostatistical support system in health sciences: is this sustainable in a resource-restricted environment?” Health Res Policy Syst, 17(1), 66. doi:10.1186/s12961-019-0470-x
Machekano, R., T. Young, S. Rusakaniko, et al. 2015. “The Africa Center for Biostatistical Excellence: A proposal for enhancing biostatistics capacity for Sub-Saharan Africa”. Stat Me,. 34(27), 3481–3489. doi:10.1002/sim.6572.h
McKinney, C.M., S. Mookherjee, S. D. Fihn, and T. H. Gallagher. 2019. “An academic research coach: An innovative Approach to increasing scholarly productivity in medicine”. J Hosp Med, 14, 457‒461. doi.org/10.12788/jhm.3194
NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery. Johannesburg Hub. Available from: https://www.globalsurgeryunit.org, [accessed April 2023]
Niland, J.C., T. L. Odom-Maryon., J. Lee, and B. C. Tilley. 1995. “A survey of biostatistical consulting units through North America”. Am Stat, 49 (2), 183‒189.
Olaomi, J.O. 2007. “Statistical Consulting and the Econometrician”. 12th Annual Conference of the African Econometric Society in Cape Town, South Africa between 4th and 6th July, 2007, (March). Retrieved from www.africametrics.org/conference-papers.html [Cited December 2020]
Olawale, A.O. 2011. “Fostering the practice and teaching of statistical consulting among young statisticians in Africa”. Journal of Education and Practice, 2(8),13‒18. 155N 2222-288x (online)
Omaswa, F.G. 2014. “The contribution of the Medical Education Partnership Initiative to Africa's renewal”. Acad Med, 89, S16‒S18.doi.:101186/1478-4491-12- S1-I1
Parker, R.A. 2000. “Estimating the value of an internal biostatistical consulting service”. Stat Med, 19 (16), 2131‒2145.
Pelfrey, C.M., K. D. Cain, M. E. Lawless, et al. 2017. “A Consult Service to Support and Promote Community-Based Research: Tracking and Evaluating a Community-based Research Consult Service”. J Clin Transl Sci, 1(1), 33‒39. doi;10.1017/cts.2016.5
Perez-Iratxeta, C., and M. A. Andrade. 2002. “Worldwide scientific publishing activity”. Science, 297, 519. Doi: 10.1126/science.297.5581.519b. PMID: 12143877
Perkins, S.M., P. Bacchetti, C. S. Davey, et al and the Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Research design (BERD) Key Function Committee of the Clinical and Translational Science (CTSA) Consortium. 2016. “Best practices for biostatistical consultation and collaboration in academic health centers”. Am Stat, 70(2), 187‒194. doi.org/10.1080/00031305.2015.1077727
Reddy T, R. N. Nsubaga, T. Chirwa, et al. 2023. “Sustainable Statistical Capacity-Building for Africa: The Biostatistics Case. Annual Reviews. 10, 97‒117 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-statistics-033021-015609
Rubio, D.M., D. J. del Junco, R. Bhore, et al. and the Biostatistics”, Epidemiology and Research Design (BERD) Key Function Committee of the Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Consortium. 2011. “Evaluation metrics for biostatistical and epidemiological collaborations”. Stat Med, 30(23), 2767‒2777. doi:10.1002/sim.4189
Shepherd BE, Hussaini NN, Ingles DJ, et al. 2023. Training the next generation of Biostatisticians in West Africa: The Vanderbilt Nigeria Biostatistics Training Program (VN-BioStat). J Glob Health Rep.7:e2023067. doi: 10.29392/001c.88939.
Spratt, H., E. E. Fox, and M. Mazumdar. 2017. “Strategies for success: Early-stage collaborating biostatistics faculty in an academic health center”. Am Stat. 7(3), 220‒230. doi: 10.1080 / 00031305.2016.12777 157
Strom, B.L., T. O. Kelly, J. R. Landis, and H. I. Feldman. 2012. “The Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics of the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania: An organizational model for clinical research in a School of Medicine”. Acad Med, 87(1), 60–65. doi:10.1092/ACM.06013e31823ab5eI
Vance, E.A. 2015. “Recent developments and their implications for the future of academic statistical consulting centers”. Am Stat., 69 (2), 127‒137.
van Zyl C, M. Badenhorst, S. Hanekom, M. Haine. 2021. “Unravelling ‘low-resource settings’: a systematic scoping review with qualitative content analysis”. BMJ Global Health, 6: e005190.
Vasudevan S. 2016. “Biostatistics teaching to the undergraduate medical students through research-oriented medical education posting program in a Teaching Medical Institute in Coastal Area of Pondicherry: An experience of a biostatistician.” J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 8(1):78‒9. doi: 10.4103/0975-7406.171693. PMID: 26957876; PMCID: PMC4766786.
Welty, L.J., R. E. Carter, D. Finkelstein, et al. 2013. “Perspective: Strategies for developing biostatistics resources in an academic health center”. Acad Med. 88 (4), 454‒460. doi:10.1097/ACM.0b013e31828578ed.
Willie D, T. Ferguson, M. Tulloch-Reid, A. McCaw-Binns. 2012. “Teaching biostatistics and epidemiology: medical students’ views on the content and instructional strategies of an introductory course”. Caribbean Teaching Scholar 2(2), 103‒114.
Zahn, D.A., and D. J. Isenberg. 1983. “Nonstatistical Aspects of Statistical Consulting”. Am Stat. 37(4), 297–302.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Elena Libhaber, Beverley Kramer, Mellisa Mabhikwa, Jonathan Levin, Maria Papathanasopoulos, Innocent maposa

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
This journal is an open access journal, and the authors and journal should be properly acknowledged, when works are cited.
Authors, copyright holders, may use the publishers version for teaching purposes, in books, theses, dissertations, conferences and conference papers.
A copy of the authors' publishers version may also be hosted on the following websites:
- Non-commercial personal homepage or blog.
- Institutional webpage.
- Authors Institutional Repository.
The following notice should accompany such a posting on the website: This is an electronic version of an article published in SAJHE, Volume XXX, number XXX, pages XXX “XXX", DOI. Authors should also supply a hyperlink to the original paper or indicate where the original paper (http://www.journals.ac.za/index.php/SAJHE) may be found.
Authors publishers version, affiliated with the Stellenbosch University will be automatically deposited in the University Institutional Repository SUNScholar.
Articles as a whole, may not be re-published with another journal.
The following license applies:
Attribution CC BY-NC-ND 4.0