Reflections on student agency through the use of voice notes in university English tutorials during Covid-19

Keywords: student reflections, voice notes, critical theory, agency, university tutorials

Abstract

Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) have had to reconsider and reshape their teaching and learning pedagogies overnight during the Covid-19 pandemic. The dramatic closure of education institutions in South Africa, and worldwide, gave rise to questions around our adaptability, readiness, and response to change in the HEI sector. While universities made the rapid move to emergency remote teaching and learning, it remained to be seen how students responded to this move. This study reports on the use of voice notes to promote student voice and agency in English tutorials at a university in Gauteng, South Africa. The main aim of this paper is to examine student reflections on the use of voice notes to foster agency in tutorials. Based on the inequalities present in South Africa’s education system, specifically HEIs, this paper is conceptually framed in critical theory. Through an examination of data elicited from student interviews, observations, and voice notes, this case study finds that participant reflections highlight the significance of a critical approach, in utilising voice notes in English tutorials, to assist students in being active participants in the teaching and learning process.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Atiyyah Motala, University of Johannesburg, South Africa

Atiyyah Motala is a lecturer in English Literature and Academic Literacy in the Faculty of Humanities’ Department of English at the University of Johannesburg. Her deep commitment to social justice in language education is rooted in her personal experiences as a student, as well as her extensive background in tutoring and lecturing. She completed her master’s degree in education in 2021, with this article being a product of that research. Her academic interests encompass student-centred pedagogy, tutor and teacher training, English literary analysis, and the development of academic writing skills. Currently, she is pursuing a PhD in the Department of English at the University of Johannesburg, where her research explores themes of masculinities, education, and violence within South African post-apartheid literature.

Leila Kajee, University of Johannesburg, South Africa

Leila Kajee is Professor in the Faculty of Education at the University of Johannesburg. Her areas of research interest include social justice and transformation through language and literacies. She leads and participates in several research projects, most recently in refugee and immigrant communities.

References

Abu-Ayfah, Z. A. (2020). Telegram app in learning English: EFL students' perceptions. English Language Teaching, 13(1), 51-62. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v13n1p51

Alshenqeeti, H. (2014). Interviewing as a data collection method: A critical review. English Linguistics Research, 3(1), 39-45. https://doi.org/10.5430/elr.v3n1p39

Amerstorfer, C. M., & Freiin von Münster-Kistner, C. (2021). Student perceptions of academic engagement and student-teacher relationships in problem-based learning. Frontiers in Psychology, (12), 713057. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.713057

Ary, D., Jacobs, C. L., & Sorensen, C. (2010). Introduction to research in education (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.

Ayers, W., Quinn, T., & Stovall, B. (2009). Handbook of social justice education. New York: Routledge.

Bandura, A. (2006). Toward a psychology of human agency. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(2), 164-180. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00011.x

Bandura, A. (2008). Toward an agentic theory of the self. In H. March, R. G. Craven & D. M. McInerney (Eds.), Advances in self research, Vol: 3: Self-processes, learning, and enabling human potential. Information Age Publishing.

Bartolomé, L. I. (2004). Critical pedagogy and teacher education: Radicalizing prospective teachers, Teacher Education Quarterly (Claremont, Calif.), 31(1), 97-122.

Berila, B. (2016). Integrating mindfulness into anti-oppression pedagogy: Social justice in higher education. Routledge.

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments in nature and design. Harvard University Press.

Carter, S. (2009). The writing center paradox: Talk about legitimacy and the problem of institutional change. College Composition and Communication, 61(1), 133–152. https://doi.org/10.58680/ccc20098316

Castle, J., & Osman, R. (2006). Theorising service learning in higher education in South Africa. Perspectives in Education, 24(3), 63-70.

Choi, H., Chung, S. Y., & Ko, J. (2021). Rethinking teacher education policy in ICT: Lessons from emergency remote teaching (ERT) during the COVID-19 pandemic period in Korea. Sustainability, 13(10), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105480

Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research, planning, conducting and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th ed.). Pearson Education.

El-Soussi, A. (2022). The shift from face-to-face to online teaching due to COVID-19: Its impact on higher education faculty's professional identity. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 3, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2022.100139

Ferrer-Pérez, C., Blanco-Gandía, M. C., Montagud-Romero, S., & Sánchez-Pérez, N. (2022). exploring the use of voice notes as an efficient answer to student emails. In INTED2022 Proceedings: 6th International Technology, Education and Development Conference 7-8 March, pp. 2335-2338. IATED. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2022.0685

Foulis, E. (2018). Participatory pedagogy: Oral history in the service-learning classroom. Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement, 22(3), 119-134.

Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the oppressed. Penguin.

Freire, P. (2000). Cultural action for freedom. (Revised edition). Harvard Educational Review.

Freire P. (2005). Teachers as cultural workers. Boulder.

Giroux, H. A. (2004). The abandoned generation: Democracy beyond the culture of fear. Palgrave Macmillan.

Giroux, H. A. (2010). Lessons to be learned from Paulo Freire as education is being taken over by the mega rich. http://archive.truthout.org/lessons-belearned-from-paulo-freire-education-is-being-taken-over-mega-rich65363

Heberle, A. E., Rapa, L. J., & Farago, F. (2020). Critical consciousness in children and adolescents: A systematic review, critical assessment, and recommendations for future research. Psychological Bulletin, 146(6), 525-551. https:/doi.org/10.1037/bul0000230

HEDA. (2018). Higher education data analyzer (HEDA). http://www.heda.co.za/PowerHEDA/dashboard.aspx

Hooks, B. (2003). Confronting class in the classroom. In A. Darder, M Baltodano & R. D. Torres (eds.), The critical pedagogy reader, pp. 142-150. Taylor & Francis Books, Inc. Routledge Falmer.

Ibrahim, M. N., Norsaal, E., Abdullah, M. H., & Che Soh, Z. H. (2016). Teaching and learning enhancement based on Telegram social media tool. Jurnal Intelek, 11(1), 7-11.

Isaacs, T. (2016). Critical student agency in educational practice: A South African perspective [Doctoral dissertation, University of Stellenbosch]. SUNscholar. https://scholar.sun.ac.za/bitstreams/5e7fbd2f-744d-429f-9634-4d717bd6f932/download

Jansen, J. D., Weldon, G., Keet, A., Zinn, D., Porteus, K., Zembylas, M., Ferreira, A., Janks, H., Murphy, K., Gallagher, T., & Elbaz-Luwisch, F. (2009). Perspectives in education. Perspectives in Education, 19(1), 109.

Jemal, A. (2017). Critical consciousness: A critique and critical analysis of the literature. The Urban Review, 49, 602-626. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-017-0411-3

Johnson, B., & Christensen, L. (2008). Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches. Sage Publications.

Joseph-Jeyaraj, J. (2020). Possibilities for critical pedagogy engagement in higher education: exploring students’ openness and acceptance. Asia Pacific Education Review, 21(1), 27-38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-019-09605-0

Lake, R & Kress, T. (Eds.). (2013). Paulo Freire’s intellectual roots: Toward historicity in praxis. Bloomsbury Academic Publishing.

Lunenburg F. C. (2010). Managing change: The role of the change agent. International Journal of Management, Business, and Administration, 13(1), 1-6. https://naaee.org/sites/default/files/lunenburg_fred_c._managing_change_the_role_of_change_agent_ijmba_v13_n1_2010.pdf

MacKenzie, A., & Chiang, T. H. (2023). The human development and capability approach: A counter theory to human capital discourse in promoting low SES students’ agency in education. International Journal of Educational Research, (117) 102121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2022.102121

Mansfield, K. C. (2014). How listening to student voices informs and strengthens social justice research and practice. Educational Administration Quarterly, 50(3), 392-430. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X13505288

Marlina, R. (2009). “I don’t talk or I decide not to talk? Is it my culture?”—International students’ experiences of tutorial participation. International Journal of Educational Research, 48(4), 235-244. https://doi/10.1016/j.ijer.2009.11.001

McInerney, P. (2009). Toward a critical pedagogy of engagement for alienated youth: Insights from Freire and school‐based research. Critical Studies in Education, 50(1), 23-35. https://doi.org/10.1080/17508480802526637

McMillan, H., & Schumacher, J. S. (2006). Research in education evidence-based inquiry. Allyn & Bacon.

Morrow, S. L. (2005). Quality and trustworthiness in qualitative research in counselling psychology. Journal of Counselling Psychology, 52(2), 250-260. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.52.2.250

Motaung, L. B., & Dube, B. (2020). WhatsApp messenger as a mediating tool in times of COVID-19 for enhancing student engagement in e-tutorials at a rural South African university. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 10(6), 214-224. https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2020-0121

Mthethwa-Sommers, S. (2014). Narratives of social justice educators. Standing firm. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08431-2

Nichols, P. (2017). ‘Hopeful’ directions for writing centres in South Africa: From safe spaces to transitional sites of articulating practice. Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics Plus, 53(1), 182-194. https://doi.org/10.5842/53-0-741

O'Neill, T., Finau‐Faumuina, B. M., & Ford, T. U. L. (2023). Toward decolonizing STEM: Centering place and sense of place for community‐based problem‐solving. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 60(8), 1755-1785. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.21858

Petersen, N. F., & Merckel, V. (2013). Post-basic nursing students' reflections on their experiences of dialogic mediation. Health SA Gesondheid, 18(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v18i1.715

Pillay, A. (2017). How teachers of English in South African schools recognise their change agency. South African Journal of Education, 37(3), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v37n3a1296

Riddle, S., Howell, A., McGregor, G., & Mills, M. (2024). Student engagement in schools serving marginalised communities. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(6), 723-738. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2021.1956605

Rose, S. P. R. (2005). Human agency in the neurocentric age. EMBO Reports, 6(11), 1001–1005. http://doi.org/10.1038/sj.embor.7400566

Shafiee Rad, H., & Jafarpour, A. (2023). Effects of well-being, grit, emotion regulation, and resilience interventions on l2 learners’ writing skills. Reading & Writing Quarterly, 39(3), 228-247. https://doi.org/10.1080/10573569.2022.2096517

Shahjahan, R. A. (2009). The role of spirituality in the anti-oppressive higher education classroom. Teaching in Higher Education, 14(2), 121-131. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562510902757138

UNESCO. (2020). Education: From COVID-19 school closures to recovery. https://www.unesco.org/en/covid-19/education-response

UNICEF. (2020). Averting a lost COVID generation: A six-point plan to respond, recover and reimagine a post-pandemic world for every child. UNICEF. https://www.unicef.org/media/86881/file/Averting-a-lost-covid-generation-world-childrens-day-data-and-advocacy-brief-2020.pdf

Vygotsky, L. S. (1987). Thinking and speech (N. Minick. Trans.). Plenum Press. (Original work published 1934).

Wagner, A. E., & Shahjahan, R. A. (2014). Centering embodied learning in anti-oppressive pedagogy. Teaching in Higher Education, 20(3), 244-254. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2014.993963

Wang, L., & Lee, I. (2021). L2 learners’ agentic engagement in an assessment as learning-focused writing classroom. Assessing Writing, 50, 100571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asw.2021.100571

Wiranegara, D. A., & Hairi, S. (2020). Conducting English learning activities by implementing Telegram group class during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of English for Academic and Specific Purposes, 3(2), 104-114.

World Economic Forum. (2020). Challenges and opportunities in the post-COVID-19 world. https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Challenges_and_Opportunities_Post_COVID_19.pdf

Zhao, Z., Wang, X., Ismail, S. M., Hasan, M. K., & Hashemifardnia, A. (2022). Social media and academic success: Impacts of using Telegram on foreign language motivation, foreign language anxiety, and attitude toward learning among EFL learners. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 996577. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.996577

Published
2025-03-07
How to Cite
Motala, A., & Kajee, L. (2025). Reflections on student agency through the use of voice notes in university English tutorials during Covid-19. Journal for Language Teaching , 59(1), Article 6544. https://doi.org/10.56285/jltVol59iss1a6544