Effect of Irrigation with Diluted Winery Wastewater on Cations and pH in Four Differently Textured Soils
Abstract
Environmental legislation requires the South African wine industry to find solutions for winery wastewatertreatment or reuse. The feasibility of irrigation with diluted winery wastewater was assessed in a pot
experiment under a rain shelter over four simulated irrigation seasons. Four soils varying in clay content
were irrigated with winery wastewater diluted to 3 000 mg/L chemical oxygen demand (COD), whereas the
control received municipal water. The rate of K+ increase in the soil containing 20% clay was higher than
in soils containing 13% clay or less. This suggests that heavy soils will aggravate the risk of high K+ levels.
The risk of Na+ accumulation increased linearly with clay content. Low Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations in
the diluted wastewater had no effect on the soil, irrespective of clay content. Irrigation with diluted winery
wastewater increased soil pH(KCl) substantially in all the soils over the four simulated seasons. The soil pH
increase was attributed to the addition of organic/bicarbonate salts to the soil. It must be noted that the
results represent a worst case scenario, i.e. in the absence of rainfall or crops.
Downloads
A copyright form will be e-mailed to the corresponding author when the manuscript has been accepted for publication.
In principle, the Author agrees to the following when he/she signes the copyright agreement:
I hereby assign to the SOUTH AFRICAN SOCIETY FOR ENOLOGY AND VITICULTURE (SASEV) the copyright of the text, tables, figures, supplementary material, illustrations and other information (the Material) submitted with the manuscript to be published in SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ENOLOGY AND VITICULTURE (SAJEV) (the "Article"). The copyright becomes effective from the date the Article has been accepted for publication in SAJEV.
This is an open access journal, and the authors and journal should be properly acknowledged, when works are cited.
Author's may use the publishers version for teaching purposes, in books, theses, dissertations, conferences and conference papers.
A copy of the authors' publishers version may also be hosted on the following websites:
- Non-commercial personal webpage or blog.
- Institutional webpage.
- Authors Institutional Repository.
The following notice should accompany such a posting on the website: This is an electronic version of an article published in SAJEV, Volume XXX, number XXX, pages XXX - XXX, DOI. Authors should also supply a hyperlink to the original paper or indicate where the original paper (www.journals.ac.za/index.php/sajev/) may be found.
Authors publishers version, affiliated with the Stellenbosch University will be automatically deposited in the University's Institutional Repository SUNScholar.
Articles as a whole, may not be re-published with another journal.
The following license applies:
Attribution CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
