The Short-term Influence of a Mediterranean-type Diet and Mild Exercise with and without Red Wine on Patients with the Metabolic Syndrome

  • D.P. van Velden Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
  • S. van der Merwe Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
  • E. Fourie Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
  • M. Kidd Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
  • D.M. Blackhurst Lipidology Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925, South Africa
  • M.J. Kotze Genecare Molecular Genetics (Pty) Ltd, Christiaan Barnard Memorial Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
  • E.P.G. Mansvelt Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21548/28-1-1458

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome is a target for the dietary prevention of cardiovascular disease. The effect of adding red
wine to the diet has not been fully investigated. This study examined whether a Mediterranean-type diet
complemented with red wine and mild exercise had an impact on patients with the metabolic syndrome in the short
term. Twelve patients with the metabolic syndrome consumed a Mediterranean-type diet for four weeks without
and with red wine respectively and performed mild exercise. We implemented the diagnostic criteria for the
metabolic syndrome as formulated by the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) in 2001. The patients were also
screened for multiple genetic markers implicated in cardiovascular disease. Weight, body mass index, abdominal
circumference and blood pressure were measured, as well as various biochemical, haematological and
inflammatory markers. There was a significant decrease in the body weight (p = 0.04) and an increase in ORAC
value (p = 0.035) after the dietary intervention. A significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (p = 0.045) was
observed. Red wine had no additional benefits. Although diet reduced weight and blood pressure, the lipoprotein
and pro-coagulant profiles of patients with the metabolic syndrome were not affected in this study. These findings
may be explained partly by the diverse genetic profile identified among the study participants, as 50% had
mutations involved in lipid metabolism that may influence the response to dietary intervention and alcohol
consumption.

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Published
2016-12-13
Issue
Vol. 28 No. 1 (2007)
Section
Articles

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