Changes in Volatile Profiles and Activity of Hydroperoxide Lyase and Alcohol Dehydrogenase During the Development of Cabernet Sauvignon Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)

  • Ya Nan’ OuYang College of Oenology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
  • Jin Shan Gao College of Oenology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
  • Ruo Lan Li College of Oenology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
  • Mei Rong Zhu College of Oenology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
  • Xin Hao Hu College of Oenology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
  • Zhuo Min College of Oenology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
  • Shu Xia Chen College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
  • Zhen Wen Zhang College of Oenology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China Grape and Wine Engineering Research Centre in Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
  • Yu Lin Fang College of Oenology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China Grape and Wine Engineering Research Centre in Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China

Abstract

In this study we focused on the development of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and investigated changes in the
activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) in different tissues. We sampled
grape skin at four, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 12, 14 and 16 weeks after anthesis; developing flowers when
blooming at 0%, 5%, 50%, and 90%; and leaves at two and four weeks before anthesis and at two, four,
six, eight, nine, and 10 weeks after anthesis. We also examined the type and fluctuation of volatile contents.
ADH activity increased with the development of flowers and grape skins, which led to the increasing of
types and concentration of alcohols. Low levels of 9-HPL led to low concentrations of C9 compounds.
According to this paper, C6 compounds became abundant with the development of grape berries, while the
activity of 13-HPL kept at a low level in the flowers and grape skins. There might have been a high level of
13-HPL activity from the end of flowering until fruit setting that we did not detect. Furthermore, similar
C6 and C5 compounds were detected across all tissues, including hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenal,
(Z)-2-penten-1-ol, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, 1-hexanol and 3-hexen-1-ol. Generally speaking, the concentrations of
C6 and C5 compounds could be used as the criterion of maturation of the three grape tissues.

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Published
2016-09-13
Section
Articles