Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome presenting as renal failure in South African HIV-positive individuals: a single-centre case series

  • Kate McMullen University of Cape Town
  • Megan Borkum University of Cape Town
  • Francois CJ Botha University of Cape Town
  • Maureen Duffield University of Cape Town
  • Nicola Wearne University of Cape Town

Abstract

Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection presented most commonly with parotidomegaly and sicca symptoms in the pre-antiretroviral era. However, numerous clinical manifestations are possible due to the multi-organ nature of the CD8+ lymphocytic infiltration. Renal involvement is infrequently described, but common characteristics of a renal syndrome associated with DILS have been identified. This case series describes four South African HIV-positive patients with DILS, in whom renal failure was the sole clinical manifestation. As DILS responds well to antiretroviral and corticosteroid therapy, this series highlights the importance of considering this syndrome as a cause of renal failure in an HIV-positive patient.

Author Biographies

Kate McMullen, University of Cape Town

Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa 

Megan Borkum, University of Cape Town
 Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
Francois CJ Botha, University of Cape Town
Division of Anatomical Pathology, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
Maureen Duffield, University of Cape Town
Division of Anatomical Pathology, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
Nicola Wearne, University of Cape Town
  1. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
  2. Kidney and Hypertension Research Unit, University of Cape Town, South Africa 
Published
2018-10-26
How to Cite
McMullen, Kate, Megan Borkum, Francois CJ Botha, Maureen Duffield, and Nicola Wearne. 2018. “Diffuse Infiltrative Lymphocytosis Syndrome Presenting As Renal Failure in South African HIV-Positive Individuals: A Single-Centre Case Series”. African Journal of Nephrology 21 (1), 45-49. https://doi.org/10.21804/21-1-2850.
Section
Case Reports